{"id":944,"date":"2013-08-27T05:51:23","date_gmt":"2013-08-27T05:51:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/?page_id=944"},"modified":"2017-02-16T15:40:48","modified_gmt":"2017-02-16T15:40:48","slug":"svejly","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/","title":{"rendered":"Svejly a voda"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Svejl (angl. swale) je p\u0159\u00edkop zadr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed vodu, \u010desk\u00fd terminus technicus je pr\u016fleh nebo p\u0159\u00edkop.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5459-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-946\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-946 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54591.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"813\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54591.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54591-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54591-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 813px) 100vw, 813px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Svejl, pr\u016fleh (angl. swale) je r\u00fdha veden\u00e1 po vrstevnici. C\u00edlem je zadr\u017eet de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu na \u00fazem\u00ed, zabr\u00e1nit jej\u00edmu st\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed po povrchu do \u00fadol\u00ed a zajistit vs\u00e1knut\u00ed do p\u016fdy.\u00a0Definici a konstrukci svejl\u016f m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt velmi p\u011bkn\u011b a <a href=\"http:\/\/storm.fsv.cvut.cz\/on_line\/vhk2\/VHK2_CVIC_5.pdf\">odborn\u011b popsan\u00e9 <\/a>nap\u0159\u00edklad na stavebn\u00ed fakult\u011b \u010cVUT. \u00a0Rozm\u011bry svejlu lze spo\u010d\u00edtat. Je pot\u0159eba zn\u00e1t r\u016fzn\u00e9 veli\u010diny: pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165, sb\u011brnou plochu, vsakovac\u00ed koeficient zeminy \u2026 \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka svejlu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt od n\u011bkolika decimetr\u016f po n\u011bkolik metr\u016f. D\u00e9lka je omezena bu\u010f ter\u00e9nem nebo designem. Hloubka je d\u00e1na v\u00fdpo\u010dtem, pro velk\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody nebo ter\u00e9nn\u00edmi omezen\u00edmi (skalnat\u00e9 podlo\u017e\u00ed). M\u016f\u017eete po\u010d\u00edtat nebo m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt zdrav\u00fd selsk\u00fd rozum, p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fd odhad a znalost vodn\u00edch pom\u011br\u016f p\u0159i a po de\u0161ti na pozemku.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Vodorovn\u00e9 svejly, kter\u00e9 zadr\u017euj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody, ale nerozv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed ji po pozemku propaguje nap\u0159\u00edklad Geoff Lawton. Mnoh\u00e9 realizace najdete na You Tube nebo na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <a href=\"http:\/\/permaculturenews.org\/category\/earthworks-earth-resources\/swales-earthworks-earth-resources\/\">australsk\u00e9ho PRI<\/a>. Tyto svejly jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">M\u00edrn\u011b \u0161ikm\u00e9 svejly maj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1dr\u017enost vody, ale dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed distribuovat vodu po pozemku. Tedy p\u0159iv\u00e9st vodu do su\u0161\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst a odvodnit m\u00edsta vlh\u010d\u00ed. Hodn\u011b pr\u00e1ce na toto t\u00e9ma odvedl <a href=\"http:\/\/treeyopermaculture.com\/treeyo\/courses-attended\/carbon-farming-course-the-farm-tennessee-usa\/keyline-design-with-darren-daugherty\/\">Daren Doherty<\/a>. Tyto svejly se v podneb\u00ed s men\u0161\u00edmi \u010dast\u00fdmi sr\u00e1\u017ekami daj\u00ed ud\u011blat pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e9. Tud\u00ed\u017e z\u00e1sah do krajiny a vynalo\u017een\u00e9 pen\u00edze jsou men\u0161\u00ed, ale efekt zachyt\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vody z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Oba p\u00e1nov\u00e9 se se\u0161li a ud\u011blali kombinaci jejich metod, kterou p\u011bkn\u011b zn\u00e1zorn\u011bnou najdete <a href=\"http:\/\/permaculturenews.org\/2009\/11\/30\/keyline-swales-a-geoff-lawtondarren-doherty-hybrid\/\">zde<\/a>. I neanglicky mluv\u00edc\u00ed z obr\u00e1zk\u016f pochop\u00ed podstatu. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed (n\u011bkolikahektarov\u00e9) pozemky lze zpracovat Key line design. Je to syst\u00e9m z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vody a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u00farod\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy. Cel\u00fd koncept vymyslel ji\u017e v polovin\u011b\u00a0minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed australan P.A.Yeomans\u00a0 (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.soilandhealth.org\/01aglibrary\/010126yeomansii\/010126ch4.html\">Key line of Permanence<\/a>) jako reakci na velmi nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9\u00a0sr\u00e1\u017eky a rychlou degradaci p\u016fdy p\u0159i intenzivn\u00edm obhospoda\u0159ov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v Austr\u00e1lii. Cel\u00fd koncept je zaj\u00edmav\u00fd a ur\u010dit\u011b stoj\u00ed za to, si jej p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst,\u00a0nen\u00ed jen o vod\u011b, je o cel\u00e9 farm\u011b. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">\u00a0<span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>&#8222;&#8230;majitel pozemku\u00a0nem\u00e1 p\u016fdu pouze udr\u017eovat, ale m\u00e1 ji vytv\u00e1\u0159et, vylep\u0161ovat a trvale zvy\u0161ovat jej\u00ed \u00farodnost &#8230;.&#8220;\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000\"> (voln\u011b p\u0159elo\u017eeno z knihy Key line of Permanence)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Tak, a nyn\u00ed zp\u011bt do St\u0159edn\u00edch \u010cech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Na zahrad\u011b m\u00e1me r\u016fzn\u00e9\u00a0typy svejl\u016f, vodorovn\u00e9 svejly (pr\u016flehy) i svejly se sklonem. (p\u0159\u00edkopy, p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010de), kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, dlouh\u00e9, \u00fazk\u00e9 i \u0161irok\u00e9.\u00a0Zde je kr\u00e1k\u00e9 zdokumentov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich tvorby a\u00a0budouc\u00ed funkce.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><strong>Vodorovn\u00e9 svejly<\/strong> vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me v\u00a0ovocn\u00e9m sadu na ji\u017en\u00edm svahu. Jejich c\u00edlem je zadr\u017eet co nejv\u00edce de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 vody pro jej\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt\u00ed ovocn\u00fdmi stromy. \u00a0Vodorovn\u00e9 svejly m\u00e1me i v t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 rovn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pozemku u silnice. Slou\u017e\u00ed k\u00a0zadr\u017een\u00ed vody ze silni\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkopu a zavodn\u011bn\u00ed zahrady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Svejl v\u00a0ovocn\u00e9m sadu na ji\u017en\u00edm svahu je cel\u00fd veden p\u0159esn\u011b po vrstevnici, zde je jeho prvn\u00ed vybagrovan\u00e1\u00a0\u010d\u00e1st. Svejl bude pokra\u010dovat a\u017e k lesu v pozad\u00ed. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5450\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-958\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-958 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"813\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5450.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5450-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5450-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 813px) 100vw, 813px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Vodorovn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st m\u00e1 \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku 90cm. \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka je d\u00e1na v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b podlo\u017e\u00edm. Podlo\u017e\u00ed je kamenit\u00e9 a\u017e skalnat\u00e9 a \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed r\u00fdhu s\u00a0vodorovn\u00fdm dnem nelze ud\u011blat, hranou l\u017e\u00edce bagru se nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na kamenit\u00e9 podlo\u017e\u00ed. Hrana svejlu (pouze ta ke svahu) je pak upravena do \u0161ikma, tak, aby se \u0161ikmina dala sekat. Sklon \u0161ikminy je zhruba 1:3. \u00a0Ru\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdsev jsme vyu\u017eili a \u0161ikminu oseli lu\u010dn\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se \u010dasem vysemen\u00ed do pastviny a zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed jej\u00ed pestrost. Vyhraban\u00e1 zemina je navrstvena pod\u00e9l spodn\u00ed hrany r\u00fdhy. R\u00fdha je asi 40cm hlubok\u00e1. Pod\u00e9l spodn\u00ed hrany svejlu je naskl\u00e1dan\u00e9 d\u0159evo &#8211; kl\u00e1dy a v\u011btve, kter\u00e9 jsou zasypan\u00e9 vybagrovanou zeminou. Podot\u00fdk\u00e1m, \u017ee spot\u0159eba d\u0159eva do n\u00e1sepu je velmi velk\u00e1. \u00a0Voln\u011b lo\u017een\u00e9 d\u0159evo tvo\u0159ilo t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed bagrov\u00e1n\u00edm asi 70cm vysokou a 1-1,2m \u0161irokou hromada pod\u00e9l svejlu.\u00a0Osv\u011bd\u010dilo se n\u00e1m vyzna\u010dit tvar svejlu kl\u00e1dami a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u011btvemi a na ty pak vrstvit drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011btve.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5405-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-964\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-964\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54051-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54051-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54051.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 270px) 100vw, 270px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5407-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-965\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-965\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54071-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54071-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54071.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 270px) 100vw, 270px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5409-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-966\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-966\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54091-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54091-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54091.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 270px) 100vw, 270px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">D\u00e9lka ji\u017en\u00edho svejlu je zhruba 150m. Konce svejlu jsou uzav\u0159en\u00e9, aby voda nevyt\u00e9kala mimo. Mo\u017enost, \u017ee by se svejl naplnil tak, \u017ee by p\u0159etekl, nepova\u017eujeme za re\u00e1lnou ani p\u0159i obrovsk\u00fdch de\u0161t\u00edch. N\u00e1sep je ru\u010dn\u011b upraven s\u00a0pozvoln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kles\u00e1n\u00edm sm\u011brem z\u00a0kopce. Spodn\u00ed hrana n\u00e1sepu je ur\u010dena k v\u00fdsadb\u011b\u00a0ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f. N\u00e1sep pod svejlem je asi 0,7 -1m vysok\u00fd\u00a0a 1,5m \u0161irok\u00fd v\u00a0doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5460-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1029\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1029\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54601.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54601.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54601-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54601-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5469-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1030\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1030\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54691.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54691.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54691-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54691-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5692.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1495\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5692.jpg\" alt=\"DSCN5692\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5692.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5692-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5692-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5697.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1494\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5697.jpg\" alt=\"DSCN5697\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5697.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5697-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5697-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Dno svejlu je zapln\u011bn\u00e9 organick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem, d\u0159evem, drobn\u00fdm klest\u00edm, hoblinami a sl\u00e1mou. Materi\u00e1l se p\u0159i de\u0161ti nas\u00e1kne vodou jako houba, z\u00e1rove\u0148 bude pomalu tl\u00edt a vytv\u00e1\u0159et humus.N\u00e1sep je oset\u00fd, podle toho, v\u00a0jak\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zahrady je. Po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed svejl os\u00e9v\u00e1me zelen\u00fdm hnojen\u00edm, pot\u00e9 co zelen\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed vyroste jej mul\u010dujeme sl\u00e1mou (p\u0159es zimu) a nech\u00e1me zkompostovat. Na ja\u0159e, po slehnut\u00ed n\u00e1sepu a jeho jemn\u00e9m dorovn\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00e1sep trvale osejeme. Budou zde bylinky, b\u00edl\u00fd jetel nebo jin\u00e9 p\u016fdo pokryvn\u00e9 rostliny slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed jako zelen\u00fd mul\u010d. Doprovodn\u00e9 trvalky \u2013 kostival, lupina, komonice, k\u0159en, hosty, denivky apod. jsme \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vys\u00e1zeli p\u0159i \u00faprav\u011b n\u00e1sepu a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b se budou dosazovat na ja\u0159e. Vzhledem k\u00a0v\u00fdsadb\u011b ovocn\u00fdch strom\u016f nevysazujeme na n\u00e1sep \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ke\u0159e, kter\u00e9 by znesnad\u0148ovaly sklize\u0148 ovoce.<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">\u00a0Jedin\u00e9 ke\u0159e jsou ob\u010dasn\u00e9 dus\u00edk\u00e1\u010de (hlo\u0161ina a \u010dimi\u0161n\u00edk) v\u00a0mezer\u00e1ch mezi stromy. Kameny, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i bagrov\u00e1ni vylezly na povrch vyb\u00edr\u00e1me, mal\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me na vy\u0161t\u011brkov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nech\u00e1v\u00e1me na n\u00e1spu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako broukovi\u0161t\u011b, n\u011bjak\u00e9 se vyu\u017eij\u00ed na vyskl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed akumula\u010dn\u00edch\u00a0 ploch a n\u011bkter\u00e9 na \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed bylinek.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5470-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1031\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1031\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54701.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54701.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54701-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54701-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5472-4\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1032\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1032\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54723.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54723.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54723-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54723-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Dal\u0161\u00edm typem vodorovn\u00fdch svejl\u016f jsou <strong>kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 svejly u silnice<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed nepatrn\u00fd sklon na prvn\u00edch t\u0159ech metrech a pot\u00e9 jsou vodorovn\u00e9. C\u00edlem je odv\u00e9st vodu z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edkopu u silnice, rozv\u00e9st ji po zahrad\u011b a postupn\u011b nechat vs\u00e1knout. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee po vydatn\u00e9m de\u0161ti nebude pozemek plo\u0161n\u011b zamok\u0159en\u00fd\u00a0 a rozbahn\u011bn\u00fd, nebo\u0165 voda se bude dr\u017eet ve svejlu. Svejly jsou jen 20cm hlubok\u00e9, maj\u00ed plochou \u010d\u00e1st \u0161irokou 90cm, \u0161ikminu tak\u00e9 cca 90cm. Vyhraban\u00e1 zemina je rozhrnut\u00e1 do mal\u00e9ho ploch\u00e9ho n\u00e1sepu, ten je mul\u010dovan\u00fd sl\u00e1mou a os\u00e1zen\u00fd bobulovinami. Dno svejlu i \u0161ikmina jsou oset\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00fdm plaziv\u00fdm jetelem. N\u00e1sep svejlu je vypln\u011bn hoblinami, slamnat\u00fdm hnojem a jetelem posekan\u00fdm z plochy svejlu a bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho okol\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed bagrov\u00e1n\u00edm. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Vysyp\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1sepu hoblinami\u00a0\u00a0a detail napojen\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edkop u silnice\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5415-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1033\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1033\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54151.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54151.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54151-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5446-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1034\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1034\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54461.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54461.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54461-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54461-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Svejl se sklonem &#8211; p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010d vody<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">P\u0159ivad\u011b\u010de m\u00e1me zat\u00edm dva. Jeden p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010d vede vodu z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edkopu u silnice do jez\u00edrka v\u00a0ekozahrad\u011b. M\u00e1 d\u00e9lku asi 50m, sklon 1% (tedy celkov\u00e9 p\u0159ev\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed 50cm). P\u0159ivad\u011b\u010d je hlubok\u00fd asi 25-30cm, m\u00e1 vodorovn\u00e9 dno \u0161\u00ed\u0159e 90cm a \u0161ikmou n\u00e1b\u011bhovou hranu. Cel\u00fd je oset\u00fd b\u00edl\u00fdm plaziv\u00fdm jetelem a bude se pravideln\u011b kosit. N\u00e1sep vedle p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010de je vypln\u011bn hoblinami, hnojem a \u010derstv\u011b posekan\u00fdm jetelem. N\u00e1sep je ru\u010dn\u011b upraven do cca1,5- 2m \u0161irok\u00e9 a 30cm vysok\u00e9 lavice. N\u00e1sep byl po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed oset\u00fd\u00a0zelen\u00fdm hnojen\u00edm . Na podzim jsme jej os\u00e1zeli\u00a0drobn\u00fdmi bobulovinami a mul\u010dujeme\u00a0kartonem a\u00a0sl\u00e1mou. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b\u00a0voda pote\u010de p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010dem\u00a0m\u00edrn\u00fdm proudem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">V\u00edte jak se nasklop\u00ed l\u017e\u00edce bagru do \u0161ikma? Prost\u011b se naklop\u00ed\u00a0cel\u00fd bagr <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-tinymce\/addons\/emotions\/img\/smiley-smile.gif\" alt=\"Smile\" border=\"0\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5441-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-982\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-982\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54411.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54411.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54411-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54411-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5431\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-985\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-985\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5431.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"242\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5431.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5431-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5431-768x1024.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 242px) 100vw, 242px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Nahrubo vybagrovan\u00fd p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Na\u010disto, ru\u010dn\u011b,\u00a0upraven\u00e1 \u0161ikmina a n\u00e1sep<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5432-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-988\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-988\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54321.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54321-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54321-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5462\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-989\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-989\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5462.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5462.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5462-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN5462-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Druh\u00fd p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010d vede vodu z\u00a0cesty uvnit\u0159 pozemku do jez\u00edrka v\u00a0ekozahrad\u011b. Je dlouh\u00fd pouze 20m a m\u00e1 sklon asi 5% (p\u0159ev\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed 1m). Je to pouze vybagrovan\u00e1 m\u011blk\u00e1 r\u00fdha s\u00a0ostr\u00fdmi hranami, oset\u00e1 plaziv\u00fdm jetelem. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b t\u00edmto p\u0159ivad\u011b\u010dem pote\u010de voda prud\u010deji. Konec je proto upraven kask\u00e1dou kamen\u016f, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0erozi b\u0159ehu jez\u00edrka. P\u0159ivad\u011b\u010d nem\u00e1 n\u00e1sep z\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 strany, vybagrovan\u00e1 zemina se pou\u017eila na d\u011bl\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1sep mezi ekozahradou a cestou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5413-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1037\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1037\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54131.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54131.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54131-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/svejly\/dscn5438-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1038\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1038\" src=\"http:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54381.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54381.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54381-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/files\/2013\/08\/DSCN54381-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Mal\u00e1 pozn\u00e1mka nakonec ohledn\u011b legislativy a vyhnut\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm a sankc\u00edm: <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Pokud se tvorbou svejl\u016f m\u011bn\u00ed vodn\u00ed pom\u011bry dan\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed, je na realizaci pot\u0159eba projekt od autorizovan\u00e9ho projektanta na vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 stavby a povolen\u00ed stavebn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu \u010di odboru \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pokud se nem\u011bn\u00ed vodn\u00ed pom\u011bry na dan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba nic. Pokud n\u011bco vybudujete bez povolen\u00ed a \u00fa\u0159ady V\u00e1s budou popotahovat, mus\u00ed V\u00e1m prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee jste zm\u011bnili vodn\u00ed pom\u011bry v oblasti, tud\u00ed\u017e by museli m\u00edt p\u016fvodn\u00ed vodn\u00ed pom\u011bry zmapovan\u00e9. \u00a0My \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 vodn\u00ed pom\u011bry nem\u011bn\u00edme, \u017e\u00e1dnou vodu nikomu neodv\u00e1d\u00edme ani ji na nikoho nevypou\u0161t\u00edme, tud\u00ed\u017e bagrujeme jak a kdy n\u00e1m to vyjde \u010dasov\u011b a finan\u010dn\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><em><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">Text a foto: Jitka M.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><em><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size: 16px\">srpen 2013<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Svejl (angl. swale) je p\u0159\u00edkop zadr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed vodu, \u010desk\u00fd terminus technicus je pr\u016fleh nebo p\u0159\u00edkop.\u00a0 Svejl, pr\u016fleh (angl. swale) je r\u00fdha veden\u00e1 po vrstevnici. C\u00edlem je zadr\u017eet de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu na \u00fazem\u00ed, zabr\u00e1nit jej\u00edmu st\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed po povrchu do \u00fadol\u00ed a zajistit vs\u00e1knut\u00ed do p\u016fdy.\u00a0Definici a konstrukci svejl\u016f m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt velmi p\u011bkn\u011b a odborn\u011b popsan\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad na stavebn\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-944","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=944"}],"version-history":[{"count":58,"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/944\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1717,"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/944\/revisions\/1717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rodinnezahrady.cz\/pz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}